Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs In Tourism

The Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory is most important motivational theory among the other popular

motivational theories . According to Maslow, people have different kind of needs and they are motivated by a desire to meet these needs. In addition, he put in order these needs in a hierarchical structure, placing them below the hierarchy of physical needs, security needs, rights and love needs after that honor need, and the need for self-affirmation in the hierarchy. He suggested that lower-level needs should be met before higher-level needs become important. Maslow hierarchy theory helps us to understand the different needs that motivate travelers and on the other hand it improves the service providers' knowledge of what kind of experience travelers are looking for, especially for certain individuals. 

The Basic Need Hierarchy

• Physiological needs :- People have not important higher – order needs before they satisfy these needs such as the needs of Air , Water , Foods , Shelter. 

• Safety needs :- This is the second Level of Maslow’s Hierarchy . This is people’s need of secure and safety in their environment. People’s also they are expect the need for protection psychological and physical harm.

 

• Belongingness and love need :- Needs of acceptance by other people, giving and receiving affection and friendship. 

• Esteem needs :- Desire for achievement, adequacy, strength, competence and freedom And desire for reputation or prestige, status, recognition importance and dignity.

 

• Self actualization needs :- people need for self- actualization represents their desire to fulfill their potential, maximizing the use of their skills and abilities

Maslow Theory In Tourism

This theory is very important in the field of tourism as it examines the powerful factors that are involved in tourism decision making criteria and travel motivations. Understanding the motivations of travelers is very important for predicting future travel patterns. Maslow's five-level hierarchy of requirements theory is widely accepted and used to explain tourist behavior. In addition, the satisfaction of the people plays an important role in the development of this sector. 

Example :- Tourism Marketing for Urban Areas

we can used Maslow's theory when concern the factors influencing a person's behavior in choosing a travel destination, and we can observe that the hierarchy of needs has a directly support to marketing as many of these needs are satisfied through the purchase of services. As well as while the person satisfies his own rights and self-esteem, he must continue to satisfy his basic need for food, clothing, shelter and security. we can A well-designed travel package and An opportunity for travelers to satisfy most of their needs at once. Of course, no matter how exciting the attraction of this place is, the tourist will still need good food, comfort and personal security. Therefore, travel vendors should provide their promoters with information on how to satisfy their basic needs, and stimulate how visitors can satisfy the rights, self-esteem and even self-realization needs of visitors.

• Satisfying physiological and safety needs
  
  
  
  

Tourists need a guarantee that they will be provided with suitable hotel rooms and high quality restaurants. In addition, information about the security of the place can encourage tourists to visit this place. The promotional material should provide information about restaurants, hotels and security at that location.

• Satisfying belonging needs 

Social belongings and self-esteem play a key role in motivating people to go anywhere using good promotion, such as small places or tourist destinations, that is, they can satisfy tourism needs by communicating in a friendly and welcoming environment. To meet the belongings of tourists, all tourist destinations should provide social events and activities that allow tourists to interact with Aboriginal and other travelers. Employees of travel agencies, on the other hand, must meet their needs.

• Satisfying self esteem 

Travelers can satisfy their self-esteem by traveling to learn or to improve skills or to pursue new or existing interests . As well as, these needs can also be enhanced by attending unique or limited events .Employees can also meet their Esteem needs by money and financial rewards because they provide signals of people’s worth to the hotels.

• Satisfying self – actualization

The tourism industry should give travelers the opportunity to develop their own special skills or interests to a professional level. Travel marketers can upgrade offer travel packages that includes advanced lectures by veterans or celebrity training.

Self-actualization also includes the need good behavior with others Travel vendors should also consider conducting special activities for tourists with a selfless purpose.